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“十五五”时期中央财政将进一步聚焦基础研究、应用基础研究和国家战略科技任务，继续加大投入力度_我的网站
A | Baghdad, Oct 14 (UNI) Iraqi lawmakers elected Abdul Latif Rashid as the new president of Iraq, marking a crucial step toward forming a new government for the country, the parliament said.
Rashid received 162 votes in the second round of voting, defeating Barham Salih who gained 99 votes, while eight votes were considered invalid, according to the media office of the parliament on Thursday.
In the first round of voting, none of the 39 presidential candidates garnered two-thirds of the votes of the total 329 parliament members, but Rashid got 156 votes and Salih came in second with 99 votes.
According to the Iraqi constitution, the president-elect needs to gather at least two-thirds of the votes of the 329 parliament members. Failing that, the two candidates with the highest number of votes shall compete with each other in a second round, and the one receiving the majority of votes shall be declared the president of Iraq.
The newly-elected Rashid was later sworn in as the President of Iraq, the fifth president of the country since 2003.
After the parliament session, Rashid tasked Mohammed Shia' al-Sudani with forming a new government as al-Sudani was nominated by the Coordination Framework (CF), the largest parliamentary alliance and an umbrella group of Shiite parliamentary parties.
Al-Sudani, now as the prime minister-designate, will have 30 days to form the new government, according to the constitution.
Abdul Latif Rashid, 78, is a veteran Kurdish politician born in the city of Sulaimaniyah in northeastern Iraq. He worked as Minister for Water Resources from September 2003 to December 2010.
He is an active member of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK) under the leadership of Jalal Talabani, who became president of Iraq in 2005.
Rashid was formerly a spokesperson for the PUK in Britain, where he received a bachelor's degree in civil engineering in 1968 from Liverpool University, a master's degree in 1972, and a doctorate in Engineering from Manchester University in 1976.
Rashid's election as president came as political tensions have been rising in the past months between the Shiite cleric Moqtada al-Sadr's Sadrist Movement, the biggest winner in the parliamentary elections in 2021, and its rivals in the CF alliance.
Al-Sadr demanded to dissolve parliament and hold early elections, but it was rejected by the CF parties, which became the largest bloc after al-Sadr ordered his followers to withdraw from the parliament in June.
UNI/XINHUA PRT。 讯 8月21日，国务院新闻办公室举行“开局起步‘十五五’”系列主题新闻发布会，介绍发挥积极财政政策作用，推动经济社会高质量发展有关情况。
B | 财政部综合司司长李先忠在会上介绍，科技自立自强是国家发展的战略支撑，这些年，中央财政持续加大科技领域投入力度，强化政策供给，推动我国科技事业取得历史性成就、发生历史性变革。
C | 主要体现在以下三个方面： 一是投入强度前所未有，带动作用显著增强。
D | “十四五”时期，全国一般公共预算科技支出比“十三五”时期增长了33%，同时积极发挥政府投资基金作用，引导社会资本着力投早、投小、投长期、投硬科技。“十四五”时期全社会研发经费投入保持年均10%的增长，2025年研发经费更是超过了3.9万亿，投入强度达到2.8%，首次超过经合组织国家的平均水平。 二是经费投向更加精准，重大成果亮点纷呈。中央财政不断优化资金使用管理，调整支出结构，重点向战略性、关键性领域倾斜，统筹推进原始创新和关键核心技术攻关。在财政资金大力支持下，我国在人工智能、量子科技、生命科学等领域重大原创成果不断涌现，关键核心技术取得一系列重大突破。比如在“祖冲之三号”超导量子计算机的基础上，今年又成功研制出“九章四号”量子计算原型机，使我国成为在超导量子计算与光量子计算两条路线上都实现“量子计算优越性”的国家。 三是政策工具丰富多元，科技成果加速转化。注重加强财税政策与科技、金融、产业政策的协同，综合运用税收优惠、政府采购、政府投资基金等多种政策工具，支持越来越多的科技成果从实验室走向生产线、从“书架”走上“货架”。比如，近年来我国的原创药呈爆发式增长，2024年是48个，2025年是76个，今年上半年达到81个。
E | 再比如，我国农作物自主选育品种的种植面积已经超过了95%，实现了“中国粮”主要用“中国种”。 李先忠表示，“十五五”时期是科技强国建设的关键攻坚期。财政部将坚决贯彻落实党中央、国务院决策部署，更加有力有效支持科技自强自立。 一是加大投入。
F | 中央财政将进一步聚焦基础研究、应用基础研究和国家战略科技任务，继续加大投入力度，同时引导地方和社会力量加大研发投入。 二是提升效能。完善财政科技经费的分配和管理使用机制，会同有关部门完善制度机制，改进管理办法，确保真金白银投到位、用得好。 三是促进融合。
G | 进一步深化职务科技成果赋权和资产单列管理改革。持续推进政府采购合作创新采购方式，支持科技成果转化和应用。
H | 同时，还将发挥政府投资基金的带动作用，实施好中小企业发展专项资金政策，支持“小巨人”企业发展、优质企业梯度培育、中小企业数智化转型，进一步促进中小企业高质量发展。版权申明：凡注有“”或电头为“”的稿件，均为独家版权所有，未经许可不得转载或镜像；授权转载必须注明来源为“”，并保留“”的电头。
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